A Breakdown on a Motorway: What to Do & How to Stay Safe
A breakdown on a motorway is one of the most stressful and potentially dangerous situations a driver can face. With high-speed traffic, limited stopping areas, and the complexities of smart motorways, it’s essential to know the right steps to take.
Whether you’re on a traditional motorway with a hard shoulder or a modern smart motorway without one, your actions in those crucial moments can protect you and others around you.
This guide will discuss exactly what to do if you experience a motorway breakdown. It also covers situations involving live lanes, emergency refuge areas, and the motorway breakdown rules regarding staying safe.
Immediate Actions After a Motorway Breakdown
Your first priority is safety. If your vehicle begins to fail, stay calm and take swift, controlled action. Aim to exit the motorway at the next junction or pull into a service area if you can. If that’s impossible, try to reach the hard shoulder or the leftmost edge of the carriageway.
As soon as you stop:
- Pull over as far left as possible
- Turn your wheels left to prevent rolling into traffic
- Activate your hazard warning lights
- Keep your sidelights on if visibility is poor
Get your car out of the live traffic lane first. Even in the early stages of trouble, your focus should be finding a safe exit.
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Breaking Down on a Motorway with a Hard Shoulder
A motorway with a hard shoulder gives you some space to stop safely, but it’s still a hazardous zone. Here’s what to do:
Exit the vehicle safely: Everyone should leave the car through the passenger-side doors. Move behind the safety barrier and walk up the verge if possible. Never stand between your car and oncoming traffic.
Use high-visibility gear: If you have a high-visibility jacket, wear it. Visibility to other drivers significantly reduces the risk of secondary accidents.
Call for help: Use a mobile phone to contact your breakdown provider or dial 0300 123 5000 to reach National Highways. If you don’t have a mobile or signal, follow the arrows on the marker posts to the nearest emergency phone. These phones connect you directly to a control centre that can pinpoint your location.
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What to Do on a Smart Motorway Breakdown
Smart motorways pose additional challenges. They often use the hard shoulder as an active lane during peak times. If you experience a breakdown here, the usual options may not be available.
Get to an Emergency Refuge Area (ERA): If your car is still moving, aim for an ERA marked with a blue sign and SOS phone symbol. These are located every 1.5 miles or so. Stop your car, turn on your hazard lights, and use the emergency phone to report your situation.
Breaking down in a live lane: This is one of the most dangerous scenarios:
- Stay inside your car
- Keep your seatbelt fastened
- Turn on hazard lights immediately
- Call 999 and provide your exact location
The control center will close lanes and dispatch assistance. Don’t attempt to exit the vehicle unless directed or it’s safe.
Safely Rejoining the Motorway After a Breakdown
Once your vehicle is repaired, rejoining traffic requires extra caution.
From a hard shoulder: Build up speed while still on the shoulder, then use your right indicator to merge into traffic. Watch for a safe gap and be aware of any stationary vehicles ahead.
From an emergency area: Never exit without permission. National Highways may need to close a lane to allow safe re-entry. Wait for their instruction via the SOS phone or overhead signs.
Must-Have Items for a Motorway Breakdown
Proper preparation can make a huge difference during a breakdown. Keep the following items in your vehicle:
- Hi-vis jackets for all passengers
- Warm clothing and blankets
- A torch with spare batteries
- Mobile phone and in-car charger
- Drinking water and snacks
- Medication if required
- Breakdown cover information
Learn more about what to keep in your breakdown kit
Common Causes of Motorway Breakdowns
Many motorway breakdowns are preventable with regular maintenance, yet some issues still catch drivers off guard. Below are the most frequent causes:
Tyre Blowouts and Punctures
Tyres can fail suddenly due to age, underinflation, or road debris. Check tyre pressure, tread depth, and for damage before long trips.
Engine Failure or Overheating
Caused by low coolant or broken parts. Watch for dashboard warning lights and rising temperature gauges.
Running Out of Fuel
Refuel before dropping below a quarter tank, especially on long journeys with limited services.
Battery Failures
Older or weather-affected batteries can fail. Look for signs like slow engine start or dim lights.
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Electrical Faults
Fuses, alternators, or wiring issues can disable key systems. Often needs professional help.
Transmission Problems
Slipping gears, grinding, or delayed acceleration are warning signs. Don’t ignore them.
Faulty Brakes
Squealing, soft pedals, or burning smells require immediate attention. Avoid driving if brakes are compromised.
Extreme Weather
Heavy rain, snow, ice, or wind increase the chance of breakdowns. Prepare with proper fluids and tyre checks.
What Not to Do on a Motorway Breakdown
Certain actions can put you at greater risk. Avoid:
- Trying to fix the car yourself on the motorway
- Placing warning triangles
- Standing near your car or between your vehicle and traffic
- Letting pets out of the car
- Using the hard shoulder for non-emergencies
What to Do After a Collision on the Motorway
Collisions can be chaotic. Here’s what to do:
- Move your car to a safe area if drivable
- Turn on hazard lights
- Wear a high-vis vest if exiting the car
- Call emergency services immediately
- Wait safely behind the barrier
Is Stopping on the Hard Shoulder Legal?
You can only stop on the hard shoulder in an emergency, when instructed by police, or if traffic is at a standstill. Misuse can result in fines or danger.
Final Thoughts on Motorway Breakdown Safety
A breakdown on a motorway is never ideal, but knowing how to react can make it manageable. Whether it’s a smart or traditional motorway, prioritise safety, stay visible, and call for help.
Keep your vehicle maintained and carry the right gear. With preparation and calm action, you can handle motorway breakdowns safely and effectively.
Need Emergency Breakdown Recovery?
Call 02045-424-245 for quick, reliable breakdown assistance. Our experienced team will get you to safety and fix your issue on-site or tow as needed.